Edward of Woodstock (1330-1376), known as the Black Prince, was the eldest son of King Edward III of England and his wife, Philippa of Hainault. He held the titles of Duke of Cornwall, Prince of Wales, and Prince of Aquitaine.
Referred to by his contemporaries simply as Edward of Woodstock, due to his birthplace, he was not called the Black Prince until the 16th century, in reference to the supposed armor he wore. He was an exceptional military leader, and his victories over the French in the battles of Crécy and Poitiers made him very popular in his lifetime. In 1348, he became the first Knight of the Order of the Garter, being one of its founders.
Prince Edward died one year before his father, becoming the first Prince of Wales who did not become King of England. Upon the death of his father Edward III, the throne passed to his son Richard, who was still a minor.
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